第6课
关于逗号的一些知识
原则：逗号没有能力连接两个单独的句子。
如何区分短语与句子?一个结构如果有完整的谓语部分就是句子。
何为完整的谓语部分?如果能判断出一个结构的时态就可以称这个结构为完整的谓语部分。
在什么样的情况下一个逗号可以将句子分成两部分，而这两部分都有完整的谓语呢?
1 两个句子中间有连接词连接;
2 这两个句子是主从句关系(主从句之间一定要有句子引导词来引导)。
10. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _A_, we declined the offer. [declined v. 婉言谢绝]
A not being finished B not having finished
C had not been finished D was not finished
42. A survey was carrie3d out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _D_ were surprising. [survey 调查]
A as results B which results C the results of it D the results of which
51. All flights _D_ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could no nothing but take the train. [having been canceled这里是独立主格作原因状语]
A had been canceled B have been canceled
C were canceled D having been canceled
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46. _A_ the calculation is right scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately. [variable n. 变项，变量;model vt. 建模]
A Even if B As far as C If only D So long as
even if 即使，即便; so long as (后面加句子时)只要。
47. My train arrives in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _B_ by then.
A would leave B will have left C has left D had left
将来完成时：will have + 动词过去分词。
49. Harry was _A_ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.
A stung B stuck C bitten D scratched
sting v. (蜜蜂)叮，蛰; bite v. (蚊子等)咬; scratch vt. 抓伤，划破(通常指猫抓人)。
once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
50. The thief tried to open the locked door but _B_.
A in no way B in vain C without effect D at a loss
in vain 徒劳，白费工夫; But很少与介词without联用; at a loss 不知所措。
52. _B_ seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed.
A By B On C At D For
on后面加动词ing形式表示“在…之后”这个时间概念。
54. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _C_ during the day.
A should have done B would have done C may have done D must have done
should have + 动词过去分词，表示本应该做; may have + 动词过去分词，表示可能做过;
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气主句谓语动词的表达形式可能用到：would have + 动词过去分词。
must have + 动词过去分词，表示对过去行为进行肯定推测。表示一定做过;
can't have + 动词过去分词，表示对过去行为进行否定推测，表示不可能做过。
56. This crop does not do well in soils[各种土壤] _B_ the one for which it has been specially developed.
A outside B other than C beyond D rather than
outside prep. 在…外边; rather than 而不是(肯定前者，否定后者)。
beyond prep. 超出…的范围; beyond his wildest dreams 超出他最狂野的梦想。
other than 不同于，而非，当它与否定词no或not出现在同一个句子中时表示“除…之外”。
66. In no country _A_ Britain, it has been said, can on experience four seasons in the course of a single day.
A other than B more than C better than D rather than
63. My father seemed to be in no _A_ to look at my school report.
A mood B emotion C attitude D feeling
be in no mood to do/doing sth. 没有情绪(心情)做什么事情。
67. I'm sorry I can't see you immediately; but if you'd like to take a seat, I'll be with you _B_. [in a moment 马上，立即(它作为时间状语时一定与将来时态搭配)= in an instant.]
A for a moment B in a moment C for the moment D at the moment
68. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn't bothered by his loudness _D_ by his lack of talent. [trumpet 小号]
A than B more than C as D so much as
当否定词not与so much as出现在同一句子中时，它们的含义是：与其说…不如说…
70. Our journey was slow because the train stopped _D_ at different villages.
A unceasingly B gradually C continuously D continually
unceasingly adv. 不停止地，不休止地; gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地;= step by step.
continuously adv. 连续不断地; continually adv. 时断时续地。
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43. Frankfurt, Germany, is in one of the most _A_ populated regions of Western Europe.
A densely B vastly C enormously D largely
densely populated 人口分布稠密; sparsely populated 人口分布稀疏。
52. _D_ of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing.
A None B Either C Both D Neither
none表示的是三者或三者以上都不; either表示的是两者之间任意一者。
55. Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him as _A_ other musicians.
A superior to B more superior than C more superior to D superior than
注意：具有比较意味的形容词只需要与to搭配，而无须more, than。
58. She is a very _D_ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.
A anxious B effective C adequate D efficient
anxious adj. 忧虑的，焦虑的; anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑; effective adj. 有效的;
- 考试辅导
