1.about 干,做;
从事于 I do not like to be interrupted when I am about an important piece of work.我在做重要工作的时候,不喜欢有人打扰。
2.after 追捕;搜寻
The police are after him.警察在追捕他。
I wonder what those children are after in that shed.我不知道那些小孩在那间小屋里找什么东西。
3.at 从事(某种活动)
He is at an absorbing thriller and can't be disturbed.他正在阅读一篇引人入胜的惊险小说,什么也惊动不了他。
at it意思是"忙个不停"(=doing something),这里,it不具体指什么,只是笼统指事情。例如:He is at it night and day.他日夜忙个不停。
4.in[表示职业、活动等]从事于;参加着
The work is in hand,and will soon be finished.
工作在进行中,很快就要结束了。
be in films 从影
be in business 经商
be in school 求学
be in hospital 住院
5.on 在从事……中;
处于……情况中 He has just published one novel and is already on a second.(on =engaged in writing)他刚出版了一本小说,又在写第二本了。
on 后接一个作名词用的动词,代替及物动词,表示被动概念;或代替不及物动词,表示主动概念。
on show 展览(=being shown 被展出)
on parade 在游行(=parading 在游行)
on night work 上夜班(=working at night 上夜班)
on 后接 the +一个作名词用的动词,其意义与现在分词所表达的意义相近。例如:
The enemy are on the run.(=running)敌人在逃跑。
同样用法:
on the march 在行进中
on the move 在活动中,在进展中
on the prowl 在徘徊
6.over 在(做)……时
We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea.我们一边喝茶,一边愉快地聊天。
He fell asleep over a book.他看着看着书就睡着了。
7.under 在进行中
The proposals for a trade and cooperation agreement are now under study.签定贸易合作协定的建议正在研究中。
在这一结构中,under跟它后面接的作名词用的动词一块,起着相当于被动语态的作用。例如:
under discussion(=being discussed)正在被讨论
under review(=being reviewed)正在被检查
under repair(=being repaired)正在被修理
8.up to 忙于;从事于
What have you been up to lately?
你近来在忙些什么? Those boys are always up to mischief.那些男孩总是搞恶作剧。
9.由一个副词后接with短语构成的结构
Down with tyrants!打倒暴君!
Off with his head!砍掉他的头! 练习:翻译下列句子。
1.He loved to watch the children at play.
2.They were in a search for truth.
3.The director was on the phone.
4.Many a business deal has been concluded over a bottle of wine.
5.I am under an engagement to go.
参考答案:
1.他爱看孩子们玩。
2.他们在探求真理。
3.主任在打电话。
4.许多买卖都是在喝酒时成交的。
5.我要去约会。
南京师范大学王 炜