介词是我们平日学习中常见的内容,可谓人人皆知。但是有一种特殊的介词也许并非人人皆知,因为它们是来源于现在分词、过去分词的介词,这方面内容很少在教学、语法著作中谈及,但它们却在测试中时有出现。现列举如下:
1.including包括
This package contains 500sheets of notepaper,including 400 of white paper and 100 of yellow.
包裹里有500张信纸,包括400张白纸, 100张黄纸。
2.concerning就……而言,关于,谈及
Concerning your letter,I am pleased to inform you that your plans are quite acceptable to us.
关于你的信,我高兴地告诉你你的计划令我们十分满意。
3.regarding就……而言,关于,论及
We have known nothing regarding that matter.
关于那个问题,我们全然不知。
4.respecting关于,至于
I was at a loss respecting his whereabouts.
至于他的踪迹,我全然不知。
5.considering就……而论,照……说来
Considering the rate at which planets form, perhaps one with conditions suitable for life forms in our galaxy each year.
从行星的生存率来看,或许在我们的星系中每年会形成一颗适宜于生命的行星。
6.excepting(一般不置于句首而置于句末;或置于not,without,always之后)除……之外
All his children have gone shopping with his wife exceptingone.
除一个孩子外,他所有的孩子和他的妻子都去购物了。
7.failing如果没有;如果在……中失败
Failing instructions,I did what I thought best.
没有任何指示,我只能按我认为最好的方法去做。
8.wanting缺,缺少
Wanting courage,victory is impossible.
没有勇气就无法取得胜利。
9.saving除……以外(现在多用save)
I could call her nothing in my own mind saving(或save)"sister".
我的心里除了叫她为"姐姐"而外,我实在找不出其他的称呼来。
10.notwithstanding虽然,尽管……仍(是很正式的用语,常见于公文中)
Notwithstanding an unusual flow of com- pany,the master of the wine -shop was not visible.
虽然人们来往异常频繁,酒铺主人并没有出现。
11.following在……以后
Following the conference,the methods were put into use on a large scale.
会议之后,这些方法被广为推广。
12.pending在……以前,在……期间
Maximum sentence was handed down but the defendants were eventually bailed pending the appeal.
最高判决已经宣布,但最后被告在上诉期间全部得到保释。
13.given如果考虑到,假定
Given their inexperience,they have done a good job.
考虑到他们缺乏经验,这个工作他们做得不错。
中南大学/李延林广东南海/杨建峰