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源于现在分词、过去分词的介词

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介词是我们平日学习中常见的内容,可谓人人皆知。但是有一种特殊的介词也许并非人人皆知,因为它们是来源于现在分词、过去分词的介词,这方面内容很少在教学、语法著作中谈及,但它们却在测试中时有出现。现列举如下:
1.including包括
 This package contains 500sheets of notepaper,including 400 of white paper and 100 of yellow.
 包裹里有500张信纸,包括400张白纸, 100张黄纸。
2.concerning就……而言,关于,谈及
 Concerning your letter,I am pleased to inform you that your plans are quite acceptable to us.
关于你的信,我高兴地告诉你你的计划令我们十分满意。
3.regarding就……而言,关于,论及
 We have known nothing regarding that matter.
 关于那个问题,我们全然不知。
4.respecting关于,至于
 I was at a loss respecting his whereabouts.
 至于他的踪迹,我全然不知。
5.considering就……而论,照……说来
 Considering the rate at which planets form, perhaps one with conditions suitable for life forms in our galaxy each year.
 从行星的生存率来看,或许在我们的星系中每年会形成一颗适宜于生命的行星。
6.excepting(一般不置于句首而置于句末;或置于not,without,always之后)除……之外
 All his children have gone shopping with his wife exceptingone.
除一个孩子外,他所有的孩子和他的妻子都去购物了。
7.failing如果没有;如果在……中失败
 Failing instructions,I did what I thought best.
 没有任何指示,我只能按我认为最好的方法去做。
8.wanting缺,缺少
 Wanting courage,victory is impossible.
 没有勇气就无法取得胜利。
9.saving除……以外(现在多用save)
 I could call her nothing in my own mind saving(或save)"sister".
 我的心里除了叫她为"姐姐"而外,我实在找不出其他的称呼来。
10.notwithstanding虽然,尽管……仍(是很正式的用语,常见于公文中)
 Notwithstanding an unusual flow of com- pany,the master of the wine -shop was not visible.
 虽然人们来往异常频繁,酒铺主人并没有出现。
11.following在……以后
 Following the conference,the methods were put into use on a large scale.
 会议之后,这些方法被广为推广。
12.pending在……以前,在……期间
 Maximum sentence was handed down but the defendants were eventually bailed pending the appeal.
 最高判决已经宣布,但最后被告在上诉期间全部得到保释。
13.given如果考虑到,假定
 Given their inexperience,they have done a good job.
 考虑到他们缺乏经验,这个工作他们做得不错。
中南大学/李延林广东南海/杨建峰
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