语法全程辅导与训练
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waitwaitedwould waitmust wait
12) If only I ____ the books on the reading list before I attended the lecture.
readhave readwould have readhad read
答案：1 、D2 、B 3、D4 、A 5 、B 6 、C 7 、C
8 、B9 、A10、B 11 、A 12、D
6. 情态动词
情态动词的用法很广，四级考试常常针对"情态动词+动词不定式的完成时态"这一结构的意义和用法进行出题：
(1) can/could ＋ have done：表示对过去可能发生的事情的推测。
如： He couldn't have made that mistake. He can't have been there. Can he have done such a thing?
例 46 Mary ________ my letter; Otherwise she would have replied.
A) has received B) ought to have received C) couldn't have received D) shouldn't have received
答案是(C)。
(2) must＋have done: 表示对过去的事情的推测；其否定形式应该用can't/couldn't＋have done，而不能用mustn't＋have done。
如： You must have left your handbag in the theatre. He can't have been to your home. He doesn't know your address. Peter's gone to work but his car's still here. He must have gone by bus.
例 47 Henry did not attend the conference last night. He ________ too much work to do.
A) had had B) must have C) must have had D) had to have had
答案是(C)。
(3) should ＋ have done: 通常表示过去应该做而没有做的事。
如： I should have finished my work.
例 48 I didn't send out my application form last week, but I________.
A) had to B) should have C) would have to D) might have to
答案是(B)。
(4) needn't ＋ have done: 表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上却已经做了。
如： We had plenty of bread, so I needn't have bought a loaf. He sent me the money he owed me, so I needn't have written to him for it.
例 49 You ________ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
A) needn't have done B) must not have done C) shouldn't D) can not have done
答案是(A)。
情态动词测试
1) The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _________ after 11:00 p.m..
not to play loud musicshouldn't play musicdon't play loud musiccouldn't play music
2) I didn't call to make my hotel reservation, but I ________.
may haveshould havemust haveshall have
3) I bought it at a sale, and it ______________ when I bought it.
must have been damagedshould have been damagedmust be damagedwould have damaged
4) You _______________ all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.
needn't carrymustn't have carriedneedn't have carrieddidn't need carry
5) You _________ all the trouble had you known he was not there.
mustn't takeshouldn't takeneedn't have takenmustn't have taken
答案： 1 、B2 、B3 、A 4 、C 5、C
7. 形容词与副词
(1) 系动词及由部分行为动词转化来的系动词，后面应接形容词作表语，切勿用副词。 常见的这类动词有: look, become, seem, taste, feel, remain, fall, sound, smell, appear, turn, grow, get, stay，stand.
例 50 He was crying, and his face ____ red with shame.
A) caught B) turned C) broke D) suffered
答案是(B)。
(2) 一般来说，形容词加ly可变为副词，但并不是所有以ly结尾的都是副词，有些以ly结尾的只能用作形容词，如：lovely, comradely, soldierly；有些既可用作形容词，也可用作副词，如: lively, friendly, deadly, manly, deathly, likely...。
请看以下例子： have a lovely（a.） afternoon a lovely（a.） landscape What a lovely（a.） day! Daily（a.） newspapers are published daily（ad.）. We pay a weekly（a.） visit to the town. We shop weekly（ad.） in the town.
例 51 Take a coat along, it's ____ to be cold down there.
A) almost surely B) near positive C) very likely D) quite certainly
答案是(C)。
(3) 多个词（包括形容词、名词或动词-ing形式等）修饰一个名词时的排列顺序问题 这些词的排列顺序一般为：限定词①--性质②--大些长度或形状③--年龄④--颜色⑤-- 国籍⑥--名词或动词-ing形式⑦。如: She has a① valuable② big③ gold⑦ watch. Two① brilliant② young④ Chinese⑥ engineers live here. This is a① long③ brown⑤ leather⑦ belt 注意：怎样用so, such, what, how, too, quite 来修饰其它的词：so, too , quite, how 用作副词时, 可修饰形容词和副词; 而such, what 用作形容词时，可修饰名词。 当这些词的后面跟有单数名词时, 要注意不定冠词的位置：such a ＋adj ＋n.; so(too, how, quite) ＋adj ＋a ＋n.
如: 例 52 I don't understand how John could have made ________ in judgement.
A) such big mistake B) so a big mistake C) such a big mistake D) so big mistake
答案是(C)。
例 53 Don't put the TV set in ________ place.
A) a such warm B) what warm a C) how warm a D) too warm a
答案是(D)。
(4) 副词的位置
1) 当具有否定意义的副词置于句首时，其后面的句子要用倒装结构。
2) 有些副词在句中应置于动词之前，系动词、助动词之后，常见的有: almost, already, frequently, even, just, never, rarely, seldom 等。若在省略句中, 这些副词要提前到主语之后, 系动词、助动词之前。
如: 例 54 San Francisco is usually cool in summer, but Los Angeles ________.
A) is rarely B) rarely is C) hardly is D) is scarcely
- 考试辅导
