语法全程辅导与训练
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9) He has been in London for two years, and should be accustomed by now to ____ English food.
eateatingbe eatinghaving eaten
答案：1、A 2、C3、A4、B5、B6、C 7 、D 8、B 9 、B
分词
分词测试的重点一般在时态和语态的判断，分词用作状语和补足语等方面。
（1）分词作状语 1） 分词作状语，要注意分词的逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致。同时还要考虑分词与逻辑主语之间的主动、被动关系。
例21 Returning to my apartment ____.
A) my watch was missing B) I found my watch disappeared C) I found my watch missingD) the watch was missed
句中returning的逻辑主语是"I"，另外应用missing作my watch 的补语，因此答案是 （C）。
例22 ____enough time and funds, scientists would have been able to discover more in this field.
A) Giving B) Given C) To give D) Having given
答案是（B）。因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语是scientists，它是give这个动作的承受者，因此应用过去分词。 此外，分词短语还可以和when，while，although，if等连词连用。
例23 ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A) When compared B) Compare C) While comparing D) Comparing
答案是（A）。因为此句的主语the highest mountain是动词compare这个动作的承受者。 2) 若分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致，需使用分词的独立结构（n.＋doing或done），或改为相应的状语从句。
例24 "How did the group improve its discussion?" "They all took part, each member ____ the responsibility of leading one meeting."
A) has B) has had C) having D) to have
答案是（C）。
例25 Weather ____ , the picnic will be held as scheduled.
A) permits B) will permit C) should permit D) permitting
答案是（D）。 这种结构可用with引导。
如： 例26 ____left before the deadline, it doesn't seem likely that John will accomplish the job.
A) Although such a short time B) With so short time C) It is such a short D) With such a short time
答案是（D）。
（2）分词的时态和语态 1） 现在分词的完成时态主要用在状语中，表示分词的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之 前。
如： 例27 ______, Ray is currently the best scientific fiction writer.
A) Because his books were sold ten million B) He sold ten million copies of his books C) Selling ten million of books D) Having sold ten million copies of his books
答案是（D）。
2） 使用现在分词的被动语态和表被动的过去分词，表示主句的主语是分词动作的承受 者时，它们之间的逻辑关系是动宾关系。
如： 例28 ____this information, Eric sat down again to wait.
A) After given B) Having been given C) On giving D) After having to give
答案是（B）。
（3）分词作补语 分词作宾补时，若此宾语是分词动作的发出者，用现在分词的主动形式，若是分词动作的承受者，用现在分词的被动形式或过去分词。
如： 例29 The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.
A) informing B) to be informed C) informed D) to inform
答案是（C）。
例30 Is anything you want from town? I am going to get ____?
A) these letters mailed B) to mail those letters C) mailed letters D) those letters mail
答案是（A）。
虚拟语气
（1）虚拟语气在非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）中的作用
1）表示与过去情况相反的假设时，主、从句的谓语动词为：
主句：should/would/could/might＋have＋done，
从句：had done。
如： 例31 I don't know what I'd have done if I ____ to make that decision.
A) would B) had had C) have had D) did have 答案是（B）。
2）虚拟条件句中的倒装结构。若虚拟条件句中的if被省略，谓语部分中的were，had，should需放置句首，构成倒装结构。
如： 例32 Had she been older, she ____ less sympathetic.
A) had been B) might be C) might have been D) would be
答案是（C）。
例 33 ____ you were coming today, I'd have met you at the airport.
A) Have I known B) Had I known C) I have known D) I had known
答案是（B）
3）错综时间，指主句与从句的动作发生的时间不一致，谓语动词的形式可适当调整。
如： 例 34 If he had listened to me, he ____ in such trouble now.
A) would not have been B) would not be C) will have been D) will not be 答案是（B）。
4）不使用if 的虚拟条件句，这类句子的特点是虽然不使用if但有相当于if 的短语，最常用的形 式包括由but for，without构成的介词短语或单独使用的otherwise，or。
如： 例35 "You finally made it, didn't you?" "Yes, ____ your help, I would not have succeeded."
A) in spite of B) as for C) but for D) because of
答案是（C）。
例36 They must have liked the apartment, or they ____ so long.
A) wouldn't B) won't stay C) wouldn't have stayed D) didn't stay
答案是（C）。因为otherwise，or等于if not，相当于if 条件句。
5）"If it were not for…"是常见的虚拟条件句的句型，意思是"要不是……"相当于but for，without。
如： 例37 If it ____the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy life today.
A) not for B) were not for C) were not D) be not for
答案是（B）。
（2）由wish 引起的虚拟语气
1) 若wish引导的宾语从句表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语为：be动词一般用were，但在非正式场合，特别是在口语中，从句的主语是第一、三人称单数时，be动词也可用was；行为动词用动词过去式。如： I wish that he weren't （wasn't）so lazy. I wish that he were（was） a teacher. I wish I met my uncle now. How I wish it wasn't raining. I wish I remembered the address. I wish I were（was）as strong as you.
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