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英语语序讲练

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一、跟在及物动词后的由连接副词或连接代词how,when,where,why,who,which,whom,what,whose以及whether,if 引导的宾语从句要用陈述句语序,即主语、谓语不必颠倒。例如:
I can't describe what I felt at that moment.
Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die?
二、在以think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,尽管从句表示否定意义,一般却是通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句。例如:
Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday.
I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week.
三、由as引导的让步状语从句,常常用部分倒装。例如:
Young as he is,he is excellent in his work.
Poor health as she has,she insists on working hard in her post.
四、句首为带有否定意义的词或词组时,常用部分倒装。
这类词或词组有:hardly,little,never,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in/ under no circumstances,in vain,no longer,not often等。例如:
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.
 Not only is he a talented president of a university,but also he is open-minded.
否定副词如果放在句首只是限定主语而非修饰全句,则句子不必倒装。例如:
No survivor has yet been found.
五、有些表示程度的副词或短语作状语而又置于句首时,句子用部分倒装表示强调。这类词或词组有:so...that,to such an extent,to such a degree,to such extremes等。例如:
So hard does she study that all her teachers like her.
So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him.
 六、句首为"only +状语"时,常用部分倒装。例如:
Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues.
Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit.
七、在比较和方式状语从句中,如果主语不是人称代词,常可在主语前添加助动词或系动词代替前面出现过的动词,形成一种部分倒装的形式。例如:
The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago.
I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college.
八、在含虚拟语气的条件句中,如果if被省略,那么were,had或should要移至主语之前。例如:
Were there no gravity,there would be no air around the earth.
Should anyone come to our home to sell things,don't let him /her in.
另外,在一些感叹句和某些表示祝愿的句子里,已形成一种固定结构的倒装表达法。例如:
How wonderful is the fashion show!
Long live our friendship!
九、hardly,barely,scarcely和when连用以及no sooner和than连用时,形成固定的倒装结构,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生,意为"一……就……"。在时态上,主句一般用过去完成时,而从句用过去时。例如:
Scarcely had I left home for school,when it began to rain heavily.
Hardly had I put down the phone,when the phone rang again.
No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out,than came some rejections.
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