虚拟语气是大学英语四级考试的重点和难点。笔者通过对历年大学英语四级考试实考试题的分析研究，编写了这份复习资料。"考点预测"中的试题，体现了有关虚拟语气的测试要点。读者不妨先动手做这部分试题，以便自己心中有数。"考点精析"则是对"考点预测"逐题加以解析，力图使读者能举一反三，触类旁通。
【考点预测】
1．Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _____ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often．
A）has to get
B）were to get
C）had got
D）could have got
2． _____ for your help，we'd never have been able to get over the difficulties．
A）Had it not
B）If it were not
C）Had it not been
D）If we had not been
3．Oh，what a nuisance！It _____so easy for me to bring those photographs I wanted to show you，but I have left them on the table at home．
A）would have been
B）had been
C）would be
D）was
4．If we had been more careful，we _____much better results now．
A）would be getting
B）would have got
C）got
D）had got
5．He suggested_____ to tomorrow's exhibition together．
A）us to go
B）we went
C）we shall go
D）we go
6．It is recommended that the project _____until all the preparations have been made．
A）is not started
B）will not be started
C）not be started
D）is not to be started
7．It's necessary _____the dictionary immediately．
A）that he will return
B）that he returned
C）that he return
D）that he has to return
8．It is of the utmost importance that you _____here on time．
A）be
B）shall be
C）are to be
D）must be
9．One of the requirements for a fire is that the material_____ to its burning temperature．
A）is heated
B）will be heated
C）be heated
D）would be heated
10．I wish I _____longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class．
A）could have slept
B）sleep
C）might have slept
D）have slept
11．It's already 5o'clock now．Don't you think it's about time _____？
A）we are going home
B）we go home
C）we went home
D）we can go home
12．The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____himself．
A）injure
B）had injured
C）injured
D）would injure
13．That tree looked as if it _____for a long time．
A）hasn't watered
B）didn't water
C）hadn't been watered
D）wasn't watered
14．I'd rather you _____anything about it for the time being．
A）don't do
B）did
C）didn't do
D）would do
15．Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I _____your advice．
A）follow
B）had followed
C）would follow
D）have followed
【考点精析】
1正确答案为选项B。
本题测试与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。全句可译为：琼不想马上就工作，因为她觉得要是工作了，可能就不能经常见到朋友们了。由此可见，琼目前没有工作，近期内也不打算找工作，句中if从句所表示的是与将来事实相反的假设，因而选项B是正确答案。
在与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，谓语动词除了用were to ＋动词原形外，还可以用一般过去时或should ＋动词原形。例如：
If it rained tomorrow we'd stay at home．
如果明天下雨，我们将呆在家里。
If you should／were to see Mary，what would you tell her？
如果你见到玛丽，你会告诉她什么呢？
选项A是陈述语气；选项C可以用于与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，但不能表示与将来事实相反的假设；选项D不能用于虚拟语气的条件从句。
2正确答案为选项C。
本题测试虚拟条件句的倒装。全句可译为：要不是有你的帮助，我们是永远都无法克服这些困难的。根据句意，句子前半部分应为"If it had not been for your help（＝If you hadn't helped）"。当虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were，had或should时，可以省略if，并将 were，had或should移至主语的前面。例如：
Should green plants disappear some day，there would hardly be any life on the earth．
万一有一天绿色植物消失了，地球上几乎就不会有生命了。
3正确答案为选项A。
本题测试含蓄虚拟条件句。全句可译为：哎，真恼人！我本来可以轻而易举地把要给你们看的那些照片带来，可我却把它们忘在家里的桌子上了。句中"I have left them on the table at home"相当于"If I hadn't left them on the table at home"，因而前面主句中的谓语动词形式应为选项A。
本句中的含蓄虚拟条件是通过并列分句来表达的，此外，还可以使用其他许多形式来表达。例如：
Without your help，I couldn't have doneit．
没有你的帮助，我是不会做成这件事的。（介词短语）
（＝If you hadn't helped，I couldn't have done it．）
I would have written the paper before，but I have been ill．
我本来早就会写好这篇论文的，但我一直生博（连词）
（＝If I weren't ill，I would have written the paper before．）
It would be unwise for you to marry him．
要是你跟他结婚那将是不明智的。（动词不定式短语）
（＝It would be unwise if you were to marry him．）
The same thing，happening in wartime， would amount to disaster．
同样的事，要是发生在战争年代，就会酿成大祸。（分词短语）
（＝The same thing，if it happened in wartime，would amount to disaster．）
- 考试辅导
