介词用法讲解
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The evil landlord was trembling with fear. 那个万恶的地主吓得浑身发抖。(原因)
My wife's hands were rough with work. 我爱人因为老干活，手很租糙。(原因)．
With the help of my classmate's taperecorder I listen to the Voice of America and B.B.C every day. 借助于我同学的录音机，我每天收听美国之音和B.B.C。(原因)
With televition, we can see all kinds of programmes on the screen sitting at home without going to the movies and theatres. 因为有了电视，我们坐在家里就能看到各种节目, 而不必去影院、戏院了。(原因)
就......来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分：这里的with 后边的宾语常译成主语。
例：How are the things with you? 你情况怎样？
What's wrong with your eyes? 你的眼睛怎么啦?
Something is wrong with my hands. 我手出点毛博
Everything was going well with them. 他们一切都进行得很顺利。
Parents must be strict with their children. 父母对子女要严格。(对)
The doctor was very patient with his patients. 那位医生对患者非常耐心。(对)
I'm quite satisfied with your answer. 我对你的回答很满意。(对)
Many intellectuals with revolutionary tendencies went to the liberated areas. 许多带有革命倾向的知识分子都投奔解放区了。(有)
These apartment houses are for workers with families. 这些住宅楼是给有家属的工人盖的。
He was sitting in a chair with his hands folded. 他两手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。(状语)独立结构
They are highly mechanized farms, with machinery to do all the work. 它们是高度机械化的农场，所有工作都由机器进行。(状语)独立结构
上两句是with 引出的复合结构。
I will be with you again in half an hour. 过半个钟头我还会跟你们在一起的。
(with 的介词短语作表语。另注意in 将来时态in 以后)
Our sympathies were with the students persecuted by the gang of four during the cultural revolution. 我们是非常同情"文革"中被"四人帮"迫害的青年学生的。(with 的介词短语作表语)。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数人类known to man
例: by land (air, sea, water, bus)
陆路(航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车)
by micro bus 坐小面包车(微型汽车)
by mini bus 坐小面包车
by train 坐火车
by trolley bus 坐无轨电车
by tram 坐有轨电车
by bike 骑自行车
by motor car 骑摩托车
by tube 坐地铁
by airbus 坐大型客机(空中汽车〕
by jeep 坐吉普车
by chance 偶然
by accident 偶然，无意中
以及by virture of 靠、由于
by leaps and bounds 大幅度地
by way of 经由
by the book 按常规
The list of discoveries by "accident" could fill a long book. 偶然的发现可以写一本很厚的书。(偶然)
The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein. 相对论是爱因斯坦创立的。(被动)
The book was written by Mr. Zhang. 这本书是张先生写的。(被动)
That in 1969 the first artificial satellite was launched to the space is known to man. 1969 年第一颗人造卫星上了天是众所周知的。
这里用to man 而不用by。即当单数又无冠词的man和known搭配时，表示人类不用by。
this，that，tomorrow，yesterday，next, last, one
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯
例；一天one day (不说on one day)
one summer 在一个夏天
one year 一年
Iast nieht 昨天夜里
last Friday 上个星期五
last month 上月
last year 去年
yesterday afternoon 昨天下午
tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
tomorrow evening 明天晚上
next month 下个月
next week 下周
next year 明年
next Saturday 下星期六
this morning 今天早晨
this year 今年
this Tuesday 本星期二
this Autumn 今年秋天
that morning 那天早上
that evening 那天晚上
无论前面介词in、on 还是at，通通可省略，不能说at last night, on last Friday, in last month, in this year这些都是不对的，须去掉介词。
over, under正上下，above, below 则不然
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关
例：There is a picture over the window.窗户上面有一幅画。(正上方)
The plane flew above the city. 飞机飞过城市上空。（高于城市并非正上方)
A lamp was hanging over the table. 一盏灯是在方桌上方。(正上方)
The moon was now above the trees in the east. 这时月亮已经在东边树林的上方。(非正上方)
Don't stand above the masses. 勿高踞于群众之上。(比喻一非正上方)
The mountain is 700 feet above sea level. 这座山海拔700 米。(非正上方)
There is a small building below the hill. 山下有座小楼房。(非正下方)
There is a submarine under the water. 水下有艘潜水艇。(正下方)
Water was found ten feer below the surface. 在地面下10 英尺处找到了水。(非正下方)
The peasants are cooling themselves under the trees. 农民们正在树下乘凉。(正下方)
over under正上下，低高below 与above
The temperature in the room is below (or under) 30℃. 室温是摄氏30 度以下。(数量词两者皆可)
Do you have anything in the way of computers below (under) $10000? 你们有哪些价格低于10000 美元的计算机?（数量词两者皆可〕
beyond 超出、无、不能
例：It's quite beyond me (It is more than I can understand). 这我完全不懂。
Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock. 不要在外呆到10 点以后还不回家。
But the gratitude from the bottom of my heart to the students and my old colleagues, has gone beyond my control. 发自肺腑的对学生们和我的老同事们的感激之心使我毫不紧张，毫不拘束；
- 考试辅导
