CET4中的分词表原因

非谓语动词一直是CET-4的一个重点考查项目，其中分词表原因（特别是现在分词表原因）出现频率较高。下面我们便结合历年的CET-4真题对分词表示原因进行讲解。
一、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语一致
分词作状语表示原因，相当于as， since，because等引导的原因状语从句。
1．______the earth to be flat，many feared thatColumbus would falloffthe edge of the earth．
A．Having believed B．BelievingC．Believed D．Being believed
（96．6－22答案B）
（＝Since many people believed that．．．）
分词作原因状语表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。现在分词的否定形式为not doing。
2．Having no money but________to know，he simply said he would go without dinner．
A．no to want anyoneB．not wanting anyone
C．wanted no one  D．to want no one（93．6－47答案B）
3．Realizing thathe hadn'tenough money and_______to borrow from his father，he decided to sell his watch．
A．not wanted B．no to wantC．not wanting D．wanting not
（95．1－67答案C）
4．The speaker，for her splendid speeches，was warmly received by the audience．
A．having known B．being known
C．knowing D．known
（91．6答案D）
如果分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，就需要用分词的完成形式。现在分词完成式的否定形式为not having done。
5．______in a seemingly endless war，the general was forced to evaluate the situationagain．
A．Since the loss of 50，000soldiers
B．Because of 50，000soldiers having lost
C．Having lost over 50，000soldiers
D．50，000soldiers werelost（93．1－59答案C）
二、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致
分词作状语时，在少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，分词用来修饰全句。这种结构只限于少数几个动词，如considering，generally speaking，judging from，talking of（谈到），putting it mildly（说得客气一点）等。其中considering可以表示原因。
有时，分词带有自己的逻辑主语，构成独立结构，也可以表示原因。
6．All flights_______because of the snowstorm，any passengers could do nothing but take the train．
A．had been canceledB．have been canceled
C．were canceledD．having been canceled
（99．1－51答案D）
巩固练习：
1．_______an answer from the committee，hewas worried and decided to fly to Parishimself．
A．Having not got B．Getting not
C．Not having gotD．Having no been got
2．_______，all the quarrels came to an end．
A．The lost money was foundB．Was the lost money found
C．Because the lost money foundD．With the lost money found
3．______a raining day，he did notgo outfora walk as usual．
A．It was B．WhatC．It being D．Having been
4．The decision_______，what is to be donenow is how to carry it out．
A．been made B．has been made
C．having been madeD．having been making
5．Deeply_______，I thanked her again andagain．
A．being moved B．movedC．moving D．to be moved
（答案：1．C2．D3．C4．C5．B）