高分语法精简版

When they will come hasn't been made public.
5. 如果主语是单数，那么即使后面有with/ together with/ along with/accompanied by, no less than, like, but, except, including, besides等引导的短语，谓语动词仍然要是用单数
例如：The boy, together with his parents, goes to the cinema today.
No one except the two boys knows how to solve this problem.
6. 由Not A but B, Not only A but also B, either A or B, neither A nor B
引导的主语，谓语通常和最邻近的主语相一致
Either you or Mary hurts her.
Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.
Not you but he is tired of typing.
Not only the students but also the teacher is going to be blamed.
7.在there be句型、介词短语、副词为句首引起的倒装句中，真正的主语通常在谓语的后面，谓语应该和后面的主语在数方面相一致。
但是在there be 句型中，如果有两个或者两个以上的主语，必须和最接近他的那个主语相一致。
There are a lot of books on the table.
There is only one pencil, two books and one cup on the table.
Many a time has he given us good advice.
第二节 主从句时态一致
主从句语义相互关联，时态也需呼应，所谓一致并不是说主从句的时态要一模一样，而是不能脱节，一般的原则是不能跨越大的时间范畴，如：主句是一般过去时，从句可能是过去完成时或过去将来时，而不大可能是现在时或将来时，当然具体情况还应具体分析，但针对解答TOEFL题而言，掌握上述原则已是绰绰有余
1．通常当主句中的时态是现在时或将来时态时，从句中的动词时态并不受影响，往往还是根据从句的意思而定。
I know that he will come tomorrow.
I know that he has finished reading this book.
I know that he went to school yesterday.
2. 当主句中的时态是过去时态,那么从句中的时态要作一定的变化
I knew that he would come tomorrow. (现在将来时变为了过去完成时)
I knew that he had finished reading this book. (现在完成时过去完成时)
I was told that he was free today. (现在时态变为过去时态)
第三节 代词与其先行词一致
在讲代词一章时已提到代词的作用是替代已出现过的词，即先行词，那么代词和先行词之间也应保持性、数的一致才能保证替代的忠实性，不引起误解
在改错题中，确定代词的先行词是解题的关键，主要是依靠句意来判断，还需留意下列情况：
1. 反身代词需和所在主谓结构的主语一致，若不一致应改为宾格形式
如：Her mother helped her solve the problem.
此句中helped之后若用herself则指的是her mother, 语义不同
2. 在主从句中，或有分词状语的句子中，代词所代替的对象有可能在其后出现，要准确识别
如：After she entered the room, Mary flung herself to the bed.
此句中she指代的是主句中的Mary