英语中but除了有转折意义“但是,可是”之外,还可以与不定代词构成固定结构,广泛应用于社会生活的各个方面。but此时是介词。
1.all+but+n.除了……外,都……
All but two of the members have now paid their taxes.除了2位成员外都纳了税。
The money has now been paid back,all but a few pounds.除了几英镑之外,这笔钱全部回笼了。
2.all +but +adj.几乎;差一点
He is all but blind.他几乎瞎了。
The work is all but finished.这活儿差一点儿就完成了。
3.anything +but +n./adj.除了……外任何(物);根本不
I'll give you anything but this bike.除了这辆自行车,我什么都可以给你。
The task was anything but easy.这项任务根本不容易。
4.nothing +but +n./inf.除了……以外,什么也不;只有;只不过
There's nothing for supper but a little piece of cheese.除了一小块干酪外,晚饭没什么可吃的了。
后接不定式时,nothing but可加带to的不定式,也可加不带to的不定式,但意思略有不同。试比较:
I did nothing but go home.我除了回家之外,别无办法。
I desired nothing but to go home.我只希望回家。
当句子的动词是do时,but后面的不定式通常不带 to;句子的动词是do以外的动词时,but后面的不定式通常要带to。如:
He did nothing but laugh.他只是笑。
I'm sure we had nothing to do but to fight the battle out.我确信我们只有战斗到底。
现在,让我们做几道题来巩固这些用法。
Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
all but,anything but,nothing but,nothing but to
1.—Tom,could you help me in the kitchen?
—__________that!
2.They desire________enjoy the present moment.
3.I know the poem by heart,________the last verse.
4.I've eaten _________bread and cheese since Sunday.
5.She did________complain the whole time she was here.
6.________he have gone.
7.He has_________finished the work.
8.It's _________ a joke.
答案:1.Anything but2.nothing but to3.all but4.nothing but5.nothing but6.All but7.all but8.nothing but