8位名人讲述人生智慧

西西

The greatest gift from one generation to the next? It's wisdom gained from experience. Award-winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman traveled to seven countries, flew 65,000 miles, and drove 5,000 more, all in a quest to ask 50 distinguished individuals ages 65 years and older what they would like others to know. Here, a selection of our favorites from his just-published book, Wisdom.
DESMOND TUTU - cleric; antiapartheid activist; winner, 1984 Nobel Peace Prize; winner, 2005 Gandhi Peace Prize
Desmond Tutu: "Each one of us can be an oasis of peace."

"Each one of us can make a contribution. Too frequently we think we have to do spectacular things. Yet if we remember that the sea is actually made up of drops of water and each drop counts, each one of us can do our little bit where we are. Those little bits can come together and almost overwhelm the world. Each one of us can be an oasis of peace."

JANE GOODALL - primatologist and conservationist; founder, the Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education and Conservation, based in Washington, D.C.
Jane Goodall: "The most important thing we can do to try to get out of the mess we've made on this planet is to spend time thinking about the consequences of the choices we make. "
"We've been very arrogant in assuming that there's a sharp line dividing us from the rest of the animal kingdom. We are not the only beings on this planet with personalities, minds, and, above all, emotions. We need to be more respectful.
As a child, I dreamed of going to Africa, living there with the animals, and not a day passed when I wasn't almost disbelieving that such an amazing thing happened. Being out on my own in nature, with or without the chimpanzees, is just something I loved.
The most important thing we can do to try to get out of the mess we've made on this planet is to spend time thinking about the consequences of the choices we make. What did we eat? How was it grown? Did it adversely affect animal welfare?
Is it good for human health? What do we wear? Where was it made? Could we make
it in a way that is less damaging to the environment? If we start thinking like that, inevitably people make small changes. And if people start making small changes, then you start getting the major change that we must have if we care about the future for our children."
CLINT EASTWOOD - actor, more than 50 films; director, 29 films, including Unforgiven and Million Dollar Baby; winner, 4 Academy Awards
Clint Eastwood: "Take your profession seriously; don't take yourself seriously. You really only matter to a certain degree in the whole circus out there."
"Great stories teach you something. That's one reason I haven't slipped into some sort of retirement: I always feel like I'm learning something new.
There was a time in my life when I was doing westerns, on the plains of Spain. I could have stayed there and probably knocked out a dozen more. But the time came when I said, That's enough of that. As fun as they were to do, it was time to move on. If a story doesn't have anything that's fresh in it, at least for me, I move away from it.
Take your profession seriously; don't take yourself seriously. You really only matter to a certain degree in the whole circus out there. If you take yourself seriously, you're not going to be able to move forward. You're going to be hampered by always wanting to look in the mirror and see if you have enough tuna oil on your hair or something like that."
LELLA and MASSIMO VIGNELLI - interior and graphic design team, married 50 years; creators, New York City subway signage; contributors, Grand Central Terminal restoration; winners, more than 130 awards
Lella Vignelli: "Aspiring designers should know about the good things that happened before. Have a little history. Go back and see what was done before."
Massimo Vignelli:"Learn from the past if you want what matters in the present."
LV: "eople ask us, 'Aren't you retiring?' But we really like what we do."
MV: "You need to have passion. The greatest thing I've learned in my life is that there is room for everybody. That's the great thing about art and design and communication. There's room for all."
LV: "Aspiring designers should know about the good things that happened before. Have a little history. Go back and see what was done before."
MV: "Learn from the past if you want what matters in the present. Knowledge is the most important thing. To young people, we say, Fill your brain with as much information as you can. Look at everything, know everything, develop a critical mind. History, theory, and criticism are the three fundamental elements to grow in a professional life. History will provide you with the tools for understanding. Theory will be the philosophy of why you're doing it. And criticism will provide you with the ability to continually master what you are doing. Play with these tools and you can do pretty good things."
NELSON MANDELA- civil rights leader; prisoner for 27 years for his antiapartheid work; cowinner, 1993 Nobel Peace Prize; elected South Africa's first freely chosen president (1994-1999)
Nelson Mandella: "I learned that courage was not the absence of fear but the triumph over it. "
"Wounds that can't be seen are more painful than those that can be seen and cured by a doctor. I learned that to humiliate another person is to make him suffer an unnecessarily cruel fate. I learned that courage was not the absence of fear but the triumph over it. I felt fear myself more times than I can remember, but I hid it behind a mask of boldness. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid but he who conquers fear.
Where people of goodwill get together and transcend their differences for the common good, peaceful and just solutions can be found, even for those problems that seem most intractable."
JACQUES P&EacuteIN - chef; author, 25 cookbooks; founder, American Institute of Wine & Food
Jacques Pépin: "Cook with love. Sit down around the table and share food with your children and your family."
"For most kids now, a chicken is rectangular. It's got plastic on top, and it doesn't have eyes or feet. This is scary. You should never eat something you cannot recognize. A simple principle, but important.
Children never lie. I have a granddaughter, and if she likes something, she says, 'Papa, it's good,' or, if she doesn't, 'It's no good.' There is no sarcasm. I remember my daughter standing in her crib the first time I gave her caviar. I put it on bread. She ate it and said, 'Encore, Papa.'
Cook with love. Sit down around the table and share food with your children and your family. When my daughter was small, she'd get home and say, 'Mum, what's for dinner?'
My wife would say, 'Food.' That's where it stayed. We have been married 43 years now, and I don't remember a time when we did not sit around the table an hour every night. It's not necessarily a pleasant conversation to recap the day, but it's necessary. Otherwise there is no communication."
JUDI DENCH - actress, more than 100 plays and films, including Shakespeare in Love; winner, 6 Laurence Olivier Awards, 1 Academy Award, 1 Tony Award
Judi Dench: "I get sillier as I get older, so I don't know what wisdom means. I can only pass on something that I've been acquainted with and let whoever it is pick the bones out of it."
"I get sillier as I get older, so I don't know what wisdom means. I can only pass on something that I've been acquainted with and let whoever it is pick the bones out of it."


一代人留给下一代最好的礼物？那是从岁月中沉淀下来的智慧。曾获嘉奖的摄影师安德鲁.扎克曼(Andrew Zuckerman)游历过7个国家，飞行旅程长达65000英里，驾车行驶5000多英里，只为拜访50位年届65岁以上的杰出人士，并聆听他们对于后人的教诲。本文从摄影师出版的新书中选取8位我们耳熟能详的名人（当然也是智者），将他们的智慧娓娓道出。
德斯蒙德.图图(Desmond TUTU)：牧师；反种族隔离主义者；获1984年诺贝尔和平奖，2005年甘地和平奖章
德斯蒙德.图图：“每个人都可以为和平撑起一片天空。”
“我们每个人都能作出贡献。不必总是想着得作些壮举来名垂千古。如果明白海洋由水滴组成，每一滴水都有其价值，那么每个人都能在自己的位置作一些微薄的益事。这一点一滴最终能够汇聚起来，几乎可以克服任何困难。我们每个人都可以为和平撑起一片天空。”
简.顾达尔(Jane Goodall)：灵长类动物学家，保护管理论者；Jane Goodall协会的创立者，旨在野生动物的研究、教育和保护，总部位于华盛顿。
简.顾达尔：“如何才能将我们制造的混乱从这个星球上清除掉？最重要的还是花点时间想想，我们的一切抉择会引起什么后果。”
“我们傲慢的将人类与地球上的其他生物划分界限。其实我们并不是唯一拥有性格，智慧，还有最重要的情感，的生物。我们理应谦卑地面对自然界。
当我还是孩子的时候，我就梦想能去非洲，能与那里的动物分享大自然生活，当然不是只去晃悠一天，那样我根本没法相信有如此奇妙的事情发生。我独自呆在大自然里，不管有没有黑猩猩的陪伴，都将是我的快乐时光。
如何才能将我们制造的混乱从这个星球上清除掉？最重要的还是花点时间想想，我们的一切抉择会引起什么后果。
我们吃什么？食物是怎么成形的？我们的行为是否侵犯了动物们的权益？这对我们的健康有没有好处？我们穿什么？衣服是从哪来的？能否减少对环境的损害？
只要从这个角度想，就能作出一些改变。若人人都能这样作，只要是为子孙后代考虑，我们就能作出具有实际意义的改变，这也是我们该作的。”
克林特.伊斯特伍德(Clint Eastwood)：演员，完成50多部作品；导演，执导29部电影，包括《无可宽恕》和《百万宝贝》；4次奥斯卡奖得主
克林特.伊斯特伍德：“认真对待你的职业；不要把自己看的过于重要。你只是剧团里的一员。”
“伟大的故事能教给你许多东西。这就是我不退休的原因：我一直都能学到新东西。
曾有一段时间我在西班牙过纯粹的西方人的生活。我原本可以继续呆在那里，并能创造比现在还要多的成绩。但我还是说：够了。后来事实证明，我是对的。如果一个故事已经没有新的内容，对我来说，就应该离开它。
认真对待你的职业；不要把自己看的过于重要。你只是剧团里的一员，你在剧团里的影响力很有限，如果过分的执着于自己，你就没法进步；你会总想照照镜子，看头发乱了没有；这些低级举动会妨碍你的进步。”
莱拉.维格尼利(Lella Vignelli)和玛西莫.维格尼利(Massimo Vignelli)：内部平面设计组合，结婚至今已有50年；创意制作者，纽约地铁签名即为其作品；终端程序修复中心；曾获130多枚奖章
莱拉.维格尼利(Lella Vignelli)：“合格的设计师应该了解以前发生过的事情，要知道一些历史。回溯过去，可以从前人的成果中学到很多经验。”
玛西莫.维格尼利(Massimo Vignelli)：“要想把握现在，就得了解过去。”
LV：“人们问我们，‘怎么还不退休啊？’但我们确实很喜欢我们从事的工作。”
MV：“人得有激情才行。我这辈子明白的道理就这一条最精彩：天生我才必有用。这是对艺术、设计行业和信息行业最好的诠释。每个人在这世上都有立足之地。”
LV：“合格的设计师应该了解以前发生过的事情，要知道一些历史。回溯过去，可以从前人的成果中学到很多经验。”
MV：“要想把握现在，就得了解过去。学问是唯一重要的东西。我们对年轻人的忠告是，用尽可能多的信息资料填充你的大脑。关注每件事，了解每件事，然后建立一个批判性的思想体系。历史事件、理论基础以及批判性思维，是职业生涯不可或缺的三个要素。历史能促进你对本职的理解；理论是支撑你职业的基石。批判性思维则让你持续性的掌握所从事的内容。运用好这些工具，你能作出非常好的成果来。”
尼尔森.曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)：人权运动领袖；因从事反种族隔离运动而遭27年监禁；1993年诺贝尔和平奖得主；1994-1999年间当选为南非第一任自由选举而出的总统。
尼尔森.曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)：“我学习到，勇敢并非心中没有恐惧，而是战胜了恐惧。”
“看不见的创伤远比看得见的能被医治的创伤更加令人痛苦。我学习到，要羞辱一个人就让他承受原本不应他承担的残酷命运。我学习到，勇敢并非心中没有恐惧，而是战胜了恐惧。我已经记不清有多少次心中暗藏恐惧，但我将恐惧藏在勇敢的面具之下。勇敢的人并非感觉不到害怕，而是他战胜了恐惧。
哪儿有心怀美好愿望、为了共同的美好未来、超越差异而聚集起来的人们，哪儿就有和平、公正的解决争端的办法，即使面对的是最棘手的问题。
雅克.拜坪(JACQUES PéPIN)：厨师；25本烹饪书籍的作者；美国的美食协会的创立者
雅克.拜坪(JACQUES PéPIN)：“记住，用爱来烹调食物，和你的家人坐在一起分享美食。”
“现在大多数孩子吃的都是‘矩形鸡’，似乎被整过形，连眼睛和腿都没有。这是很恐怖的。你永远都不该吃没法辨认的食物。很简单的道理，但也很重要。
孩子们从来不说谎。我有一个孙女，如果她喜欢什么东西，她就会对我说：‘爷爷，那是好东西！’，或者，她不喜欢的话，就会说：‘爷爷，那东西不好！’孩子们说话不会带讽刺意味。记得我女儿还小的时候，第一次给她吃鱼子酱，她吃完后说：‘我还要吃！’
记住，用爱来烹调食物，和你的家人坐在一起分享美食。当我女儿还小的时候，她进门的第一句话就是：‘妈妈妈妈，今天晚餐吃什么？’
我妻子就说：‘可以吃的东西！’这正是诀窍所在。我们结婚43年至今，我不记得家里有哪一顿饭是分开来吃的，甚至每一顿饭我们都能在餐桌旁度过1小时的愉快时光。不必用多么辞藻华丽的交谈来装饰一天的生活，能在一起吃饭足矣，但这也是必须的，否则就没有什么交流的渠道了。”
茱蒂.丹奇(Judi Dench)：演员，有100多部话剧和电影作品，包括《爱河中的莎士比亚》；曾获6次劳伦斯.奥利弗奖，1次奥斯卡奖，1次托尼奖章。
茱蒂.丹奇(Judi Dench)：“年龄越大，我觉得自己越发变得不大灵光，所以我脑袋里并没有一个明确的概念说：智慧到底是什么。我唯一可以告诉你们的一些经验，那就是，我对此已经习以为常，我很乐意一些人和事来帮我从生活中挑拣出智慧来。”
“年龄越大，我觉得自己越发变得不大灵光，所以我脑袋里并没有一个明确的概念说：智慧到底是什么。我唯一可以告诉你们的一些经验，那就是，我对此已经习以为常，我很乐意一些人和事来帮助我，从我的生活中挑拣出智慧来。”

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