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标题: 微量泵配药法 [打印本页]

作者: pmyljt 时间: 2009-1-14 12:15:30 标题: 微量泵配药法

微量泵配药法
Drug class                   Dosage

1.Analgesics and sedatives（止痛和镇静药）

Acetaminophen          5-15mg/kg/dose PO/RR q4-6h
(扑热息痛，对乙酰氨基酚)

Chloral hydrate          30-50mg/kg/dose PO/RR q8h；0.3-0.5ml/kg
（水合氯醛）

Codeine             0.5-1.0mg/kg/dose PO q4-6h
（可待因）

Diazepam             0.1-0.2mg/kg/dose IV q2-4h
（安定）

Fentanyl             2-5μg/kg/dose IV q1-2h or a continuous infusion of  2-5μg/kg/h
（芬太尼）

Meperidine             1mg/kg/dose IM/IV q2-4h
（杜冷丁）

Midazolam             0.05-0.2mg/kg IV q1-2h,
（咪唑安定）          then a continuous infusion of 0.4-1.2μg/kg/min

Morphine sulfate       0.05-0.1mg/kg IV/IM q1-2h or a continuous infusion of 10-40μg/kg/h
（硫酸吗啡）

2.Antiarrhythmics(抗心律失常药)

Adenosine             0.05-0.25mg/kg rapid IV bolus
（腺苷）

Bretylium             5-10mg/kg IV over 10 min
（溴苄铵）

Esmolol                0.5mg/kg IV load over 5 min,
（艾司洛尔）          then a continuous infusion of 0.1-0.25mg/kg/min

Lidocaine             1mg/kg IV, followed by a continuous infusion of 20-50μg/kg/min
（利多卡因）

Procainamide          IV:2-5mg/kg over 10 min,
（普鲁卡因胺）       followed by a continuous infusion of 20-80μg/kg/min

Propranolol             IV:0.01-0.2mg/kg over 10 min; PO:0.5mg/kg/d ÷q6h
(普萘洛尔)

Quinidine             Test dose 2 mg/kg PO, then 15-60mg/kg/d PO ÷q6h
（奎尼丁）

Verapamil             0.125-0.25mg/kg/dose IV
（维拉帕米）

3.Anticonvulsants(抗惊厥药)

Diazepam                0.1-0.3mg/kg/dose IV slowly
（安定）

Phenobarbital             10mg/kg IV load ×1-2 doses;
（苯巴比妥）             maintenance dose of 3-5mg/kg/d÷q12h

Phenytoin                10mg/kg IV slowly × 1-2 doses;
（苯妥英）             maintenance dose of 5mg/kg/d÷q12h

4.Antihypertensives(抗高血压药)

Captopril                0.5-3.0mg/kg/d PO÷q8h
(卡托普利)

Esmolol                   0.5mg.kg IV load over 1 min,
(艾司洛尔)                then a continuous infusion of 0.1-0.25mg/kg/min

Hydralazine                IV: 0.1-0.3mg/kg/dose q4-6h; PO: 0.75-3mg/kg/d÷q6-12h
(肼屈嗪)

Labetalol                0.25mg/kg IV load over 5 min;
(拉贝洛尔)                0.1-0.2mg/kg/min maintenance infusion starting 30 min later

Nitroprusside             0.5-5μg/kg/min IV
(硝普盐)

Propranolol                IV: 0.01-0.2mg/kg over 10 min; PO: 0.5mg/kg/dose q6h
(普萘洛尔)

Trimethaphan             50-150μg/kg/min IV
(曲美芬)

5.Bronchodilators(支气管扩张药)

Albuterol                0.25-0.5ml in 2 ml normal saline q6-8h via nebulizer
(舒喘灵;沙丁胺醇)

Aminophylline             IV: 6mg/kg IV load over 20 min, followed by an infusion of
(氨茶碱)                0.2-0.9mg/kg/h (<age 1) or 0.8-1.1mg/kg/h(age1-9)

Isoetharine                0.25-0.5ml of 1% solution in 2.5 ml normal saline q4h
(乙基异丙肾)

Racemic epinephrine       0.25-0.5ml in 2.5 ml normal saline via nebulizer
(消旋麻黄碱)

Terbutaline                0.01mg/kg SC or 2μg/kg over 5 min,
(特布他林)                followed by a continuous infusion of 0.08μg/kg/min

Theophylline             3-4mg/kg/dose q6h
(茶碱)

6.Diuretics(利尿剂)

Acetazolamide             5mg/kg/dose IV/PO q12h
(乙酰唑胺)

Chlorothiazide             10mg/kg/dose PO q12h
(氯噻嗪)

Ethacrynic acid             0.5-1mg/kg/dose IV
(依他尼酸)

Hydrochlorothiazide       1-1.5mg/kg/dose PO q12h
(双氢克尿噻)

Mannitol                0.25-0.5g/kg/dose IV over 3-5 min; 1.25-2.5ml/kg/dose
(甘露醇)

7.Inotropes and vasopressors(强心和升压药)

Milrinone                50μg/kg IV, then0.375-0.75μg/kg/min
(米力农)

Amrinone                1mg/kg load, then a continuous infusion of 10μg/kg/min
(氨力农)

Dobutamine                2-10μg/kg/min
(多巴酚丁胺)

Dopamine                2-20μg/kg/min
(多巴胺)

Epinephrine                0.05-0.5μg/kg/min
(肾上腺素)                ARREST: 0.1-0.3ml/kg of 1:10,000 solution(0.1mg/ml)

Isoproterenol             0.05-1.0μg/kg/min IV
(异丙肾上腺素)

Norepinephrine             0.05-1.0μg/kg/min IV
(去甲肾上腺素)

Phenylephrine             0.5-5.0μg/kg/min; IV bolus: 5-20μg/kg/dose
(苯福林)

8.Muscle relaxants(肌肉松弛药)

Atracurium                0.5mg/kg/dose IV
(阿曲库铵)

Pancuronium             0.1mg/kg IV q1h, or a continuous infusion of 0.05-0.1mg/kg IV
(泮库溴铵)

Succinylcholine          1.5mg/kg/dose IV
(琥珀胆碱)

Vecuronium             0.1mg/kg IV q1h, or a continuous infusion of 0.05-0.1mg/kg/h
(维库铵)

9.Vasodilators(血管扩张药)

Nitroglycerin             0.5-5μg/kg/min
(硝酸甘油)

Nitroprusside             0.5-5μg/kg/min
(硝普盐)

Phentolamine             0.5-1mg/kg/min
(酚妥拉明)

Prostaglandin E1                0.05-0.2μg/kg/min
(前列腺素E1)

Tolazoline                1-2mg/kg over 10 min,then 1-2mg/kg/h
(妥拉唑林)

10.Other

fructose-1,6-diphosphate    2-3ml/kg/d
(1,6-二磷酸果糖)

Acetaminophen          10-15mg/kg/dose PR q3h for fever
(对乙酰氨基酚)

Atropine                0.01-0.03mg/kg IV
(阿托品)                ARREST: 0.02mg/kg(0.1mg/ml solution)IV/IM/endotracheal

Calcium chloride          ARREST: 10-20mg/kg(0.1-0.2ml/kg of a 10% solution)
(氯化钙)

Calcium gluconate          100-200mg/kg/d in IV fluids
(葡萄糖酸钙)

Cimetidine                5-10mg/kg/dose PO/IV q6h
(西咪替丁)

Dexamethasone             0.25-0.5mg/kg IV q6h
(地塞米松)

Digoxin                   Digitalizing dose: 30μg/kg IV or 40μg/kg PO;
(地高辛)                   give 50% initially and 25% 8 and 16 h later
                        Maintenance: 3.5μg/kg IV q12h or 4.5μg/kg PO q12h

Naloxone                0.01mg/kg/dose IV; repeat PRN q5min
(纳洛酮)

Potassium                0.5mEq/kg/h maximum infusion rate
(钾 )

Imipenem+Cilastatin(Tienam) 15mg/kg/dose iv by drip q6h
亚胺培南+西司他丁(泰能)
Vancomycin                40mg/kg/d or 10mg/kg iv by drip q6h;
(万古霉素)                aduld:500mg q6h or 1g q12h
                        ATTENTION:iv by drip >60min,concentration>5mg/ml

Berberine                   5mg/kg/dose PO q8h
(小檗碱,黄连素)

Methylprednisolone          1mg/kg/dose IV
(甲基强的松龙)

常用血管活性药物输注的计算法：
药名             微量泵药物浓度配制（mg/50ml）       临床常用剂量
多巴胺             体重（kg）×3             5－15μg/(kg.min)
多巴酚丁胺       体重（kg）×3             5－20μg/(kg·min)
肾上腺素       体重（kg）×0.03             0.01－0.2μg/(kg·min)
异丙肾上腺素       体重（kg）×0.03             0.01－0.1μg/(kg·min)
硝酸甘油       体重（kg）×0.3             1－10μg/(kg·min)
硝普钠             10                      0.5－8μg/(kg·min)
米力农             体重（kg）×0.3             0.375－0.75μg/(kg·min)

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